Promising New Sources of Helium
Dr. John Barclay and Raymond Hobbs report on the US's helium supply and use.
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CSA board certifies newly elected directors
At the August 14 CSA Board meeting held during the Applied Superconductivity Conference in Charlotte NC, the four directors recently elected by the society’s membership were certified.
Danko van der Laan receives 2014 Boom Award
The Roger W. Boom Award is given bi-annually to a young professional under 40 years of age who shows promise for making significant contributions to the fields of cryogenic engineering and applied superconductivity. This year, the award was presented to Dr. Danko van der Laan during an awards ceremony on...
Tips for Success When Using an ADR Cryostat
Following up on his discussion in the Fall 2013 issue of Cold Facts on when an Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator (ADR) cryostat is the right tool for the job, Charlie Danaher provides useful technical tips on how to effectively use an ADR.
Young Faces: The Next Generation in Cryogenics, Part I
In the Summer 2006 issue of Cold Facts, we debuted a feature story about outstanding young professionals who are active in the cryogenics industry. This year, we again asked the cryogenics community for the names of up-and-coming "young faces." Here is Part I of the third installment of Young Faces,...
Cold Facts Columnists Bring Their Unique Perspectives on Cryogenics
Over the years, Cold Facts has been privileged to have published informed, thoughtful and innovative columns by a series of leaders in the cryogenics industry. Here’s a look back at some of the highlights of the past and a review of our present contributors.
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Dewar
A dewar is a type of cryostat named after Sir James Dewar, the researcher who first developed the concept of a vacuum insulated container with silvered walls to reflect thermal radiation. Dewar was the first to liquefy hydrogen, and he created the device to store his discovery. The thermos bottle...
Stirling and Gifford-McMahon Cryocoolers
Stirling and Gifford-McMahon (GM) cryocoolers are two of the most commonly used cryocoolers in cryogenics. Both devices have a significant industrial base and operate at a wide range of temperatures and capacities. The thermodynamic cycles for both of these cryocoolers are quite similar. The Stirling cycle consists of a compressor,...
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
A significant commercial application of cryogenics is the liquefaction, transport and storage of natural gas. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is generally 95 percent methane with a few percent ethane and much lower concentrations of propane and butane. LNG liquefies at 111.6 K. Unlike many applications of cryogenics, the motivation for...
History of Cryogenics
From the Fall 1999 issue of Cold Facts magazine Millennium Breakthroughs A variety of CSA members give different perspectives on the past millennium: What were the most significant breakthroughs in cryogenics during the past millennium? Prof. R.G. Scurlock, Kryos Technology, scurlock@soton.ac.uk (“Breakthrough” = way through obstacles — Oxford English Dictionary)...
Cryobiology
Andreas Sputtek Past President Society for Cryobiology sputtek@uke.uni-hamburg.de or http://www.sputtek.de/. The word cryobiology (from the Greek words “cryo” = cold, “bios” = life, and “logos” = science) literally signifies the science of life at low temperatures. In practice, this field comprises the study of any biological material or system (e.g.,...
Cryogenic Insulation
James E. Fesmire Cryogenics Test Laboratory NASA Kennedy Space Center james.e.fesmire@nasa.gov Introduction In today’s world, the use of cryogenics and low-temperature refrigeration is taking a more and more significant role. From the food industry, transportation, energy, and medical applications to the Space Shuttle, cryogenic liquids must be stored, handled, and...
Cryogenic Treatment of Materials
F.J. Diekman Controlled Thermal Processing, Inc. info@metal-wear.com Cryogenic Processing (also called cryogenic treatment, and incorrectly “cryogenic tempering”) is a process that uses cryogenic temperatures to modify materials to enhance their performance. Cryogenic Processing involves the slow reduction in temperature of the material to at least -300°F (-185°C) and holding the...
Eliminate negative effects of grinder burn on gear teeth?
Can you tell me if it is possible to eliminate the negative affects of grinder burn on gear teeth with the use of cryogenics?
Information about a process called “cryogenically stretch-formed ss”
I am remembering in the 1970’s when astronauts were walking on the moon and carried oxygen in 300 ss bottles inside LN2 tanks which were filled and pressurized.
Small cryo-gun for our health service clinic
I am Assistant Director for Environmental Health & Safety at a university health service clinic.
Additional sealing materials besides PTFE or glass filled PTFE
I am an engineer looking to improve our solenoid valve sealing on cryogenic medias. I was wondering if you knew of materials other then PTFE or glass filled PTFE that could be used for sealing.