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University of Tübingen physicists create interface between atoms and superconductors

Professors József Fortágh, Dieter Kölle and Reinhold Kleiner of the University ofTübingen’s Institute of Physics have developed a new electronic component which will help to deal with the instability of quantum bits, or qubits.

IU physicist receives lifetime achievement award for particle accelerator work

The US Particle Accelerator School will present S.Y. Lee with its USPAS Prize for Lifetime Achievement in Accelerator Physics and Technology. Lee, professor in the Department of Physics at Indiana University Bloomington, will receive the award at the 2013 North American Particle Accelerator Conference held Sept. 29 to Oct. 4...

Report on 23rd International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-23)

The twenty-third International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-23) was held in Boston at the Westin Copley Hotel from July 14 through July 19. Dr. Bruce Strauss was the General Chairman of the conference; Joe Minervini of MIT served as the Program Chair; Larry Masur of Bruker was the Exhibits Chair;...

Professor John Clem dies August 2

Professor John Clem passed away on August 2, 2013, after a four-year battle with mesothelioma. He was known as the "father of the 2 dimensional pancake vortex."

ILC candidate site in Japan announced

The International Linear Collider (ILC) site evaluation committee of Japan announced the result of assessment of two candidate sites in Japan in a press conference held at the University of Tokyo on August 23, 2013. They recommended the Kitakami mountains in the Iwate and Miyagi prefectures as a location.

Nominations open for the 2014 Simon Memorial Prize

Nominations are sought for the 2014 Simon Memorial Prize to be presented at the 27th International Conference on Low Temperature Physics (LT27), Buenos Aires, August 2014.

Latest in Defining Cryogenics

Mixed Refrigerant Cycles

Most cryogenic refrigeration systems, both large scale systems and cryocoolers, use helium as a working fluid. There are a number of advantages to helium, not the least of which is that helium remains a fluid down to the lowest achievable temperatures. In order to freeze helium, pressures of over 20...

Fountain Pumps and He II Phase Separators

Helium II (He II), the second liquid phase of the 4He isotope described in this column in Cold Facts Spring 2010 (http://2csa.us/he2), can be modeled as consisting of two interpenetrating fluids. One, the superfluid component, has zero viscosity and entropy and the other, the normal fluid component, has nonzero viscosity...

Turboexpanders

A vital technology in the refrigerators and liquefiers described in Cold Facts Volume 31 Number 3 is that of turboexpanders. These devices are rotating machines in which the process fluid (e.g., helium) does work against the turboexpander while moving from high pressure to a lower pressure and thus is cooled....

Latest in Cryo Central

Cryogenic Treatment of Materials

F.J. Diekman Controlled Thermal Processing, Inc. info@metal-wear.com Cryogenic Processing (also called cryogenic treatment, and incorrectly “cryogenic tempering”) is a process that uses cryogenic temperatures to modify materials to enhance their performance. Cryogenic Processing involves the slow reduction in temperature of the material to at least -300°F (-185°C) and holding the...

Cryogenics in Space

Peter Kittel University of California-Berkeley pkittel@cal.berkeley.edu Space Cryogenics is the application of cryogenics to space missions. These applications fall into two broad areas, supporting space science missions and supporting the space transportation infrastructure. Science applications: The atmosphere is opaque to much of the electro-magnetic spectrum. In space, the absence of...

Cryosurgery

Review of Cryosurgery Boris Rubinsky, PhD Hebrew University School of Science and Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering 78b Ross Building Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904 Israel rubinsky@cs.huji.ac.il as published in Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, August 2000, Vol. 2, pp. 157-187. Abstract: Cryosurgery is a surgical technique that employs freezing...

Liquefied Natural Gas

Liquefied Natural Gas as it relates to the Field of Cryogenics John W. Bonn VJ Systems, LLC johnbonn@vjsystems-lic.com Today the world is looking for a cleaner fuel and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) plays a large part in achieving this goal. LNG in a liquid form is at -162°C (-259°F) and...

Latest in Ask the Experts

An Issue of Pressure and Flow Rate in a Supply Tank

Please help solve this problem: A supply tank requires a vaporizer to generate sufficient pressure to pump stored fluid up into a vehicle or tank. The available head is limited as the tank level falls and it is important to minimize the system pressure drop to maintain the desired flow...

Using MLI on VJ Line Joints or Cryo Storage Tanks

When installing Multi Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets on VJ line joints or cryo storage tanks should they be wrapped and tied down tight or loose? These are usually pre-cut to size. Also should they have an access hole at the point of where the molecular sieve is installed to help...

Separated layers of ice over a pipe

I want to know that why there are different layers of ice over a pipe carrying a cryogenic fluid, each layer separated with clear marks / lines? What do these layers signify?

Using nitrogen as a cryogen

Is it possible to achieve -200˚C using nitrogen as a cryogen?

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