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Hahn Shot First

After 32 years as Fermilab’s staff photographer, Reidar Hahn is retiring – and saying farewell with a final collection of photos in Fermilab’s art gallery. Hahn has graciously allowed CSA to display some of his best work in future issues of Cold Facts and a CSA online photo gallery.

Woman Hospitalized, Loses Gallbladder After Drinking Liquid Nitrogen at Florida Hotel

A woman is suing The Don CeSar Hotel in St. Pete Beach FL after allegedly being served liquid nitrogen in her drinking water causing her to be rushed to the hospital for an emergency gallbladder removal and partial stomach removal. Stacey Wagners filed the suit on October 11, nearly one...

Cool and Dry: A Revolutionary Method for Cooling a Superconducting Accelerator Cavity at Fermilab

For the first time, a team at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (CSA CSM) has cooled and operated a superconducting radio-frequency cavity—a crucial component of superconducting particle accelerators using cryogenic refrigerators—with cryocoolers, breaking the tradition of cooling cavities by immersing them in a bath of liquid helium. It achieved an accelerating...

Department of Energy Authorizes LNG Exports from the Venture Global Plaquemines Project

The US Department of Energy issued an order to Venture Global Plaquemines LNG, LLC approving exports of domestically produced liquefied natural gas from the Plaquemines LNG Project. The project will be located on the Mississippi River, in Plaquemines Parish LA approximately 20 miles from the port of New Orleans. Under...

Hyundai Reveals New Concept for Hydrogen Powered Fuel Cell Electric Truck

Hyundai Motor Company has revealed the first rendering images of its new concept for a hydrogen powered fuel cell electric truck, the HDC-6 NEPTUNE. It will debut its new commercial truck concept during the North American Commercial Vehicle Show in Atlanta this month.

US ATLAS Phase I Upgrade Completed at CERN

The ATLAS experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is ready to begin another chapter in its search for new physics. A significant upgrade to the experiment, the ATLAS Phase I Upgrade, has received Critical Decision-4 approval from the US Department of Energy, signifying the completion of the US portion...

Latest in Defining Cryogenics

Helium II

Helium II (He II) refers to the second liquid phase of the most abundant helium isotope (4He). Helium II is also referred to as superfluid helium. Helium II occurs once the temperature of the liquid helium drops below 2.17K. The phase transition between the first liquid phase of Helium (referred...

Latest in Cryo Central

Cryogenics in Space

Peter Kittel University of California-Berkeley pkittel@cal.berkeley.edu Space Cryogenics is the application of cryogenics to space missions. These applications fall into two broad areas, supporting space science missions and supporting the space transportation infrastructure. Science applications: The atmosphere is opaque to much of the electro-magnetic spectrum. In space, the absence of...

Cryosurgery

Review of Cryosurgery Boris Rubinsky, PhD Hebrew University School of Science and Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering 78b Ross Building Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904 Israel rubinsky@cs.huji.ac.il as published in Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, August 2000, Vol. 2, pp. 157-187. Abstract: Cryosurgery is a surgical technique that employs freezing...

Liquefied Natural Gas

Liquefied Natural Gas as it relates to the Field of Cryogenics John W. Bonn VJ Systems, LLC johnbonn@vjsystems-lic.com Today the world is looking for a cleaner fuel and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) plays a large part in achieving this goal. LNG in a liquid form is at -162°C (-259°F) and...

Food Processing

Cryogenics and Food The industrial gas industry provides a host of products and services related to food. The various gases have useful and sometimes fascinating applications in food industry. “The food industry is not a homogenous industry. The needs of customers processing hamburger vs. poultry vs. strawberries vs. seafood, for...

Latest in Ask the Experts

An Issue of Pressure and Flow Rate in a Supply Tank

Please help solve this problem: A supply tank requires a vaporizer to generate sufficient pressure to pump stored fluid up into a vehicle or tank. The available head is limited as the tank level falls and it is important to minimize the system pressure drop to maintain the desired flow...

Using MLI on VJ Line Joints or Cryo Storage Tanks

When installing Multi Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets on VJ line joints or cryo storage tanks should they be wrapped and tied down tight or loose? These are usually pre-cut to size. Also should they have an access hole at the point of where the molecular sieve is installed to help...

Separated layers of ice over a pipe

I want to know that why there are different layers of ice over a pipe carrying a cryogenic fluid, each layer separated with clear marks / lines? What do these layers signify?

Using nitrogen as a cryogen

Is it possible to achieve -200˚C using nitrogen as a cryogen?

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