Success after a Three-year Sprint
ProtoDUNE scientists rushed to develop the project’s first large prototype detector, resulting in an amazing display of the technology being created for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment.
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UCSD Students Prepared to Launch Vulcan II
A team of engineering students from UC San Diego has developed a test rocket that features a 3D printed engine that incorporates liquid oxygen and kerosene RP-1. The updated rocket is called Vulcan II, and represents a vessel the students will attempt to launch roughly six miles into the atmosphere...
Fermilab Using ArgoNeuT Data to Advance Future Measurement of Neutrinos in Liquid Argon
Scientists at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (CSA CSM) have continued to analyze data from the retired ArgoNeuT neutrino detector, developing processes to improve future simulations and software that finds particles in liquid-argon based neutrino detectors.
Cryoforce Spectroscopy Reveals DNA Mechanical Properties
Physicists from the University of Basel have developed a low temperature method to examine the elasticity and binding properties of DNA molecules. The process utilized cryoforce spectroscopy and computer simulations, a combination that revealed DNA molecules behaving like a chain of small coil springs.
CAL Performing Coolest Experiments in the Universe
NASA's Cold Atom Lab (CAL) is the first facility inside the International Space Station to produce clouds of "ultracold" atoms that can reach a fraction of a degree above absolute zero.
New Theory Sends Kelvin Temperature Below Current Low
A recent collaboration of researchers has shown that it is possible, in principle, to measure temperatures below a billionth of a kelvin without significantly disturbing the Bose-Einstein condensate used in the study.
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Dewar
A dewar is a type of cryostat named after Sir James Dewar, the researcher who first developed the concept of a vacuum insulated container with silvered walls to reflect thermal radiation. Dewar was the first to liquefy hydrogen, and he created the device to store his discovery. The thermos bottle...
Stirling and Gifford-McMahon Cryocoolers
Stirling and Gifford-McMahon (GM) cryocoolers are two of the most commonly used cryocoolers in cryogenics. Both devices have a significant industrial base and operate at a wide range of temperatures and capacities. The thermodynamic cycles for both of these cryocoolers are quite similar. The Stirling cycle consists of a compressor,...
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
A significant commercial application of cryogenics is the liquefaction, transport and storage of natural gas. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is generally 95 percent methane with a few percent ethane and much lower concentrations of propane and butane. LNG liquefies at 111.6 K. Unlike many applications of cryogenics, the motivation for...
Air Separation and Liquefaction
by Nils Tellier, PE, President, EPSIM Corporation (CSA CSM) nils@epsim.us All illustrations courtesy EPSIM Corporation Background History of Air Separation and Liquefaction This section builds on a rich history of methods to develop deep refrigeration and cryogenic liquefaction during the 19th Century. You are encouraged to read Cryo Central’s History...
Bose-Einstein Condensate
A Bose-Einstein condensate, first proposed in 1925 by Albert Einstein based on work done by Satyendra Nath Bose (the same Bose from whom the term boson is derived), is a super-cold state of matter in which almost all of the individual atoms have “condensed” down to the lowest possible quantum...
Cold Technology for Pest Control
While it does not reach temperatures cold enough to be called cryogenic, carbon dioxide snow is at the heart of a new way of dealing with unwanted pests. It utilizes a quick freezing process that takes advantage of the properties of carbon dioxide snow and has a number of benefits...
Cryogenic Finishing
The following 3 articles discuss the uses and procedures of various type of cryogenic finishing. 1) By Robin A. Rhodes, Cryogenic Institute of New England, Inc. rrhodes@nitrofreeze.com Cryogenic Deflashing is employed to remove undesired residual mold flash that remains on molded parts after they are removed or ejected from the...
Pressure for an adiabatic liquefaction of nitrogen
I am a student from Chicago, and I need to calculate the pressure necessary for an adiabatic liquefaction of nitrogen.
Thermal expansion coefficient for LN2, LO2 and LH2
Can anyone help me get a table (or diagram) of different thermal expansion coefficient for different cryogenic liquids (especially LN2, LO2 and LH2)?
Small, low power cryocooler to use in a working prototype device
Where can I find a small, low power cryocooler to use in a working prototype device? Please provide a list of suitable manufacturers.
Looking for super insulation for a cylindrical container
We need super insulation for a cylindrical container of approximately 10 cm in diameter and 10 cm height to be kept at -40 ° Centigrade for less than 24 hours (outside=room temperature).