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Misaligned Stacks of Graphene are Stirring up Physics

An MIT team has turned graphene into a superconducting material that allows electricity to flow without resistance. The scientists achieved this feat by placing one sheet of graphene over another, rotating the other sheet to a special orientation and cooling the ensemble to a fraction of a degree above absolute...

Probing the Universe: SQUID Amplifiers for Next-Generation Large Focal Plane Array

Physicists around the world are using experiments to answer fundamental questions, including theoretical models and experimental evidence. The Simons Array is an example of one such experiment, used to observe Cosmic Microwave Background radiation, an afterglow from the universe created when it was just 380,000 years old.

28th Space Cryogenics Workshop

CSA and NASA’s Cryogenics Technical Discipline Team announce the 28th Space Cryogenics Workshop, to be held July 17-19, 2019, at the Heritage Hotel, Southbury CT. All aspects of space cryogenics will be represented, with an emphasis on those related to space exploration.

ISRU Research Holds Promise for Space Exploration

First explored for cryogenic use in space exploration, ISRU has expanded further and today involves hardware and operations that harness and utilize local in-situ resources to create products and services for robotic and human exploration.

Start Your Cryogenics Career with a Boom!

Dr. Jacob Leachman never got to meet Dr. Boom, but says he got to know him through a legacy of accomplishments, including Boom's passion for inspiring students to enter the field.

CERN FCC Study Explores Cooling Requirements For Future Circular Colliders

CERN’s Large Hadron Collider is the world’s most powerful collider with planned operation through the mid 2030s. Therefore, it is timely to design a future collider that could identify physics beyond the standard model and help us explain the open questions about our universe.

Latest in Defining Cryogenics

Transfer Lines

Transfer lines may in some real sense be thought of as the cryogenic fluid analogy of current leads. While current leads carry electrical power to where it’s required in a cryogenic system, transfer lines do the same with cryogenic fluids. Transfer lines range in complexity from very simple U-tubes containing...

Zero Boiloff

Zero Boil Off cryostats are those that contain liquid cryogens but are designed to eliminate or vastly reduce the boil off of the liquid. These cryostats combine some of the advantages of Cryogen-Free systems (e.g. ease of use and long operational lifetime) with the advantages associated with a reservoir of liquid...

Cryomodule

Cryomodule is a term that is most commonly used to refer to cryostats that contain superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities. Such cavities are used to accelerate charged particle beams and are a major component of modern particle accelerators. Using the term cryomodule to refer to cryostats containing SRF cavities appears...

Latest in Cryo Central

Cryogenic Treatment of Materials

F.J. Diekman Controlled Thermal Processing, Inc. info@metal-wear.com Cryogenic Processing (also called cryogenic treatment, and incorrectly “cryogenic tempering”) is a process that uses cryogenic temperatures to modify materials to enhance their performance. Cryogenic Processing involves the slow reduction in temperature of the material to at least -300°F (-185°C) and holding the...

Cryogenics in Space

Peter Kittel University of California-Berkeley pkittel@cal.berkeley.edu Space Cryogenics is the application of cryogenics to space missions. These applications fall into two broad areas, supporting space science missions and supporting the space transportation infrastructure. Science applications: The atmosphere is opaque to much of the electro-magnetic spectrum. In space, the absence of...

Cryosurgery

Review of Cryosurgery Boris Rubinsky, PhD Hebrew University School of Science and Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering 78b Ross Building Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904 Israel rubinsky@cs.huji.ac.il as published in Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, August 2000, Vol. 2, pp. 157-187. Abstract: Cryosurgery is a surgical technique that employs freezing...

Liquefied Natural Gas

Liquefied Natural Gas as it relates to the Field of Cryogenics John W. Bonn VJ Systems, LLC johnbonn@vjsystems-lic.com Today the world is looking for a cleaner fuel and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) plays a large part in achieving this goal. LNG in a liquid form is at -162°C (-259°F) and...

Latest in Ask the Experts

An Issue of Pressure and Flow Rate in a Supply Tank

Please help solve this problem: A supply tank requires a vaporizer to generate sufficient pressure to pump stored fluid up into a vehicle or tank. The available head is limited as the tank level falls and it is important to minimize the system pressure drop to maintain the desired flow...

Using MLI on VJ Line Joints or Cryo Storage Tanks

When installing Multi Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets on VJ line joints or cryo storage tanks should they be wrapped and tied down tight or loose? These are usually pre-cut to size. Also should they have an access hole at the point of where the molecular sieve is installed to help...

Separated layers of ice over a pipe

I want to know that why there are different layers of ice over a pipe carrying a cryogenic fluid, each layer separated with clear marks / lines? What do these layers signify?

Using nitrogen as a cryogen

Is it possible to achieve -200˚C using nitrogen as a cryogen?

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