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Dimitri Delikaris named head of CERN Cryogenics Group

Dimitri Delikaris was appointed head of the CERN Cryogenics Group (CRG) on November 1, replacing Laurent Tavian. The CRG is responsible for the development, operation and maintenance of cryogenic systems used for the LHC collider, the fixed targets program and related cryogenic test facilities.

New superconducting transistors remain superconducting even in strong magnetic fields

Scientists have used molybdenum sulfide to create superconducting transistors that remain superconducting even under powerful magnetic fields that normally destroy the effect. "We have found a superconducting state that is super-robust against magnetic fields," says Justin Ye, a physicist at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands and co-author of...

New superconductivity temperature record achieved using hydrogen sulfide

Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz and the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz have observed that hydrogen sulfide becomes superconducting at -70°C (203K) when placed under a pressure of 1.5 million bar, setting a new record for superconductivity.

Georgia Tech researchers use ultra cold chemistry to study atoms

Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have received a $900,000 grant from the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research to study the unusual chemical and physical properties of atoms and molecules at micro-kelvin or nano-kelvin temperature ranges approaching absolute zero, the temperature at which all thermal activity stops....

Cosmological simulation models birth of universe

Researchers led by scientists at the US Department of Energy's (DOE's) Argonne National Laboratory have performed one of the largest cosmological simulations ever. Run on the Titan supercomputer at DOE's Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the simulation modeled the evolution of the universe from just 50 million years after the Big...

Fermilab attains unprecedented quality factor for superconducting cavity

Fermilab announced November 6 that researchers had recorded a record-high quality factor while performing integrated tests on a new superconducting radio frequency cavity for the SLAC-headed Linac Coherent Light Source II project. Quality factor (Q) is a measure of a particle acceleration cavity's efficiency. A higher Q means a cavity...

Latest in Defining Cryogenics

Dilution Refrigerators

Dilution refrigerators are a common technique for reaching temperatures below 1K, particularly where continuous cooling at these temperatures is required. Helium exists in two stable isotopes: 4He and 3He. Naturally occurring 3He is extremely rare, constituting less than 1 part per million of helium gas. However, 3He can be manufactured,...

Oxygen Deficiency Hazards

Oxygen Deficiency Hazards (ODH) are a significant safety issue in cryogenic facilities. ODH occurs when inert gases such as nitrogen, helium or argon displace room air and thus lower the percentage of oxygen in the space below that required for human life. OSHA defines an area as oxygen deficient if...

Kelvin Temperature Scale

The Kelvin temperature scale is the principal temperature scale used in cryogenics and science. The kelvin is also one of the seven base units in the Système International d’Unités (SI) and is the unit of thermodynamic temperature. Thermodynamic temperature is a fundamental physical quantity (like mass, length or electrical current)...

Latest in Cryo Central

Cryogenic Treatment of Materials

F.J. Diekman Controlled Thermal Processing, Inc. info@metal-wear.com Cryogenic Processing (also called cryogenic treatment, and incorrectly “cryogenic tempering”) is a process that uses cryogenic temperatures to modify materials to enhance their performance. Cryogenic Processing involves the slow reduction in temperature of the material to at least -300°F (-185°C) and holding the...

Cryogenics in Space

Peter Kittel University of California-Berkeley pkittel@cal.berkeley.edu Space Cryogenics is the application of cryogenics to space missions. These applications fall into two broad areas, supporting space science missions and supporting the space transportation infrastructure. Science applications: The atmosphere is opaque to much of the electro-magnetic spectrum. In space, the absence of...

Cryosurgery

Review of Cryosurgery Boris Rubinsky, PhD Hebrew University School of Science and Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering 78b Ross Building Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904 Israel rubinsky@cs.huji.ac.il as published in Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, August 2000, Vol. 2, pp. 157-187. Abstract: Cryosurgery is a surgical technique that employs freezing...

Liquefied Natural Gas

Liquefied Natural Gas as it relates to the Field of Cryogenics John W. Bonn VJ Systems, LLC johnbonn@vjsystems-lic.com Today the world is looking for a cleaner fuel and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) plays a large part in achieving this goal. LNG in a liquid form is at -162°C (-259°F) and...

Latest in Ask the Experts

An Issue of Pressure and Flow Rate in a Supply Tank

Please help solve this problem: A supply tank requires a vaporizer to generate sufficient pressure to pump stored fluid up into a vehicle or tank. The available head is limited as the tank level falls and it is important to minimize the system pressure drop to maintain the desired flow...

Using MLI on VJ Line Joints or Cryo Storage Tanks

When installing Multi Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets on VJ line joints or cryo storage tanks should they be wrapped and tied down tight or loose? These are usually pre-cut to size. Also should they have an access hole at the point of where the molecular sieve is installed to help...

Separated layers of ice over a pipe

I want to know that why there are different layers of ice over a pipe carrying a cryogenic fluid, each layer separated with clear marks / lines? What do these layers signify?

Using nitrogen as a cryogen

Is it possible to achieve -200˚C using nitrogen as a cryogen?

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