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Pierre Auger Collaboration tops list of breakthrough stories for 2007

The Pierre Auger Collaboration correlation between active galactic nuclei and the highest energy rays that hit earth was on the top of the list of breakthrough stories for three national media organizations in 2007.

Aerojet completes testing of Reaction Control Engine

Aerojet has completed developmental testing of an innovative cryogenic oxygen/methane Reaction Control Engine (RCE).

ISRO begins testing cryogenic engines

The Indian Space Research Organization recently began testing cryogenic engines that were designed after the renegotiation of an agreement with Russia to purchase the engines. The engines use cryogenic fuels that are super-cooled to around -250.

EnFlow Cryogenics provides nitrogen and argon delivery alternative

EnFlow Cryogenics, available from Holox, targets Atlanta-area businesses seeking a nitrogen and argon supply delivery alternative to high pressure or liquid cylinders.

Gill Southern joins Wessington Cryogenics as a Director

Gill Southern, sister of Paul Rowe, has joined CSA Corporate Sustaining Member Wessington Cryogenics as a Director, involved in all areas including customer relationship management, marketing and sales. She brings expertise in lean business management, productivity improvement techniques, HR and personnel.

Professor Heuer to be CERN’s Director-General in 2009.

Professor Rolf-Dieter Heuer will take over as CERN's next Director-General in 2009. Heuer was formerly the research director for the national particle physics program at DESY in 2004. He will now focus his efforts on CERN's Large Hadron Collider and the International Linear Collider.

Latest in Defining Cryogenics

Helium-3

Helium-3 (3He) is one of the two stable isotopes of helium. The other is the much more common Helium-4 (4He). Neither of these isotopes should be confused with He II, which is the second liquid phase of 4He. He II was discussed in this column in the Spring 2010 edition...

Cryopumping

Cryopumping refers to the use of cryogenic temperatures to produce vacuum in enclosed spaces. More broadly, it can also refer to the removal of gases via cryogenic temperatures from a flow stream or enclosure without necessarily resulting in vacuum pressures. This is an important application of cryogenics and is used...

Thermal Acoustic Oscillations

Thermal Acoustic Oscillations (TAO) are a common event in cryogenic systems that can have significant adverse effects on the performance of the system. TAOs are sustained pressure oscillations that can occur in tubes containing gas, closed at one end (the warm end) that have a very large temperature gradient along...

Latest in Cryo Central

Air Separation and Liquefaction

by Nils Tellier, PE, President, EPSIM Corporation (CSA CSM) nils@epsim.us All illustrations courtesy EPSIM Corporation Background History of Air Separation and Liquefaction This section builds on a rich history of methods to develop deep refrigeration and cryogenic liquefaction during the 19th Century. You are encouraged to read Cryo Central’s History...

Bose-Einstein Condensate

A Bose-Einstein condensate, first proposed in 1925 by Albert Einstein based on work done by Satyendra Nath Bose (the same Bose from whom the term boson is derived), is a super-cold state of matter in which almost all of the individual atoms have “condensed” down to the lowest possible quantum...

Cold Technology for Pest Control

While it does not reach temperatures cold enough to be called cryogenic, carbon dioxide snow is at the heart of a new way of dealing with unwanted pests. It utilizes a quick freezing process that takes advantage of the properties of carbon dioxide snow and has a number of benefits...

Cryogenic Finishing

The following 3 articles discuss the uses and procedures of various type of cryogenic finishing. 1) By Robin A. Rhodes, Cryogenic Institute of New England, Inc. rrhodes@nitrofreeze.com Cryogenic Deflashing is employed to remove undesired residual mold flash that remains on molded parts after they are removed or ejected from the...

Latest in Ask the Experts

Refrigeration capacity at 4.5 K for higher temp cryo systems

I would like to know how to calculate the equivalent refrigeration capacity at 4.5 K of a cryogenic system operating at higher temperature.

Need help with calculating flow rate

I have to maintain a certain mass (some tons) at 100 K by circulating in it GHe (through apposite channels). How can I calculate the flow rate needed? I suppose that the delta T (T inlet and T outlet) and the heat load on the mass are necessary. Knowing the...

What do cryogenics companies do about liability insurance?

What do cryogenics companies do about liability insurance? Is there a special type for cryogenics?

License requirements for storage and transport of cryogenic materials

Are you aware of permitting or license requirements (other than local city or town) needed for the storage or transportation of cryogenic materials?

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