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Working with substances at temperatures below negative 200 degrees the cryogenics team at NAWCAD Lakehurst specializes in servicing oxygen and nitrogen systems on aircraft, focusing on the storage and dispersal of liquid and gaseous nitrogen and oxygen. Credit: US Navy

NAWCAD Lakehurst enhances Cryogenic Systems for Naval Aviation

As the Cryogenics and Corrosion Control Support Equipment (SE) Integrated Product Team (IPT) Lead at NAWCAD Lakehurst, Asif Yeahia knows that many people may not fully understand the work his team does. However, working with substances at temperatures below negative 200 degrees gives them one of the “coolest” jobs at the...
Startup TAU systems has built a commercial laser-powered particle accelerator that fits in a single room. Credit: TAU Systems

Room-Size Particle Accelerators Go Commercial

By Charles Q. Choi Particle accelerators are usually huge structures—think of the 3.2-kilometer–long SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in Stanford, Calif. But scientists have been hard at work trying to shrink these accelerators down by using lasers to perform the accelerating. These particle accelerators would be the size of single room, and cost much less as well. Now, a startup says...

Chinese Physicists Settle Einstein and Bohr’s Quantum Debate

A groundbreaking experiment recreates Einstein’s 1927 thought challenge, confirming fundamental quantum principle. In a landmark study that brings a definitive close to one of the most famous debates in modern physics, a team of Chinese scientists has experimentally validated Niels Bohr’s core quantum principle, demonstrating that a particle’s path and...

Twisted Stacks of 2-D Carbon Act Like a Weird Type of Superconductor

“Magic-angle” graphene could help solve the puzzle of how unconventional superconductors work By Emily Conover Stacks of graphene, carefully twisted, gain a superpower: They become superconductors. Now scientists have new evidence that this “magic-angle” graphene is a member of a truly strange class of superconductor. Like all superconductors, the materials, known...
Images--Left: Current input terminal (100A compatible, size: outermost metal diameter Φ16mm x length 94mm) Right: MS-8 pin terminal (Maximum 110A, size: metal outer diameter Φ41mm x length 72.5mm)

World-First High-Current Terminals for Liquid Hydrogen

Kyocera Corporation (President and CEO: Hideo Tanimoto, hereinafter referred to as “Kyocera”) is pleased to announce that, through joint research with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (hereinafter referred to as “JAXA”), it has developed two new products: a 100A current feedthrough terminal that ensures durability and airtightness in liquid hydrogen...

Making a Splash on Cryogenic Surfaces

Cryogenic surfaces do not hinder droplet splashing, but smaller droplets make smaller splashes. Hannah Richter On a rainy day, a classic physical property is on display: droplet splashing. How liquids splash is not just important for keeping one’s clothes dry, but for applications from inkjet printing to spraying crops to...

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Dewar

A dewar is a type of cryostat named after Sir James Dewar, the researcher who first developed the concept of a vacuum insulated container with silvered walls to reflect thermal radiation. Dewar was the first to liquefy hydrogen, and he created the device to store his discovery. The thermos bottle...

Stirling and Gifford-McMahon Cryocoolers

Stirling and Gifford-McMahon (GM) cryocoolers are two of the most commonly used cryocoolers in cryogenics. Both devices have a significant industrial base and operate at a wide range of temperatures and capacities. The thermodynamic cycles for both of these cryocoolers are quite similar. The Stirling cycle consists of a compressor,...

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

A significant commercial application of cryogenics is the liquefaction, transport and storage of natural gas. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is generally 95 percent methane with a few percent ethane and much lower concentrations of propane and butane. LNG liquefies at 111.6 K. Unlike many applications of cryogenics, the motivation for...

Wind Tunnels

Dr. Robert Kilgore The development of the cryogenic wind tunnel is one of many significant breakthroughs in both cryogenics and wind-tunnel technology made during the past millennium. Interest in the development of high-speed commercial and military aircraft resulted in a review of problems of flow simulation in transonic wind tunnels...

History of Cryogenics

From the Fall 1999 issue of Cold Facts magazine Millennium Breakthroughs A variety of CSA members give different perspectives on the past millennium: What were the most significant breakthroughs in cryogenics during the past millennium? Prof. R.G. Scurlock, Kryos Technology, scurlock@soton.ac.uk (“Breakthrough” = way through obstacles — Oxford English Dictionary)...

Cryobiology

Andreas Sputtek Past President Society for Cryobiology sputtek@uke.uni-hamburg.de or http://www.sputtek.de/. The word cryobiology (from the Greek words “cryo” = cold, “bios” = life, and “logos” = science) literally signifies the science of life at low temperatures. In practice, this field comprises the study of any biological material or system (e.g.,...

Cryogenic Insulation

James E. Fesmire Cryogenics Test Laboratory NASA Kennedy Space Center james.e.fesmire@nasa.gov Introduction In today’s world, the use of cryogenics and low-temperature refrigeration is taking a more and more significant role. From the food industry, transportation, energy, and medical applications to the Space Shuttle, cryogenic liquids must be stored, handled, and...

Seeking recommendations for commercial sensors

I would like to measure vibrations in small LHe cryostats. Could anybody recommend commercial sensors which would be suitable for the purpose? I am interested in the frequency range between 1Hz and a couple of KHz, with particular attention to the low frequency side.

Estimating cost of carbon steel, pure helium storage tanks

In order to perform an indicative cost assessment of our helium cryogenic plant (still in the design phase), I need an estimation of the cost of carbon steel room temperature pure helium storage tanks. The storage pressure is 20 bar. Can anyone give me suggestions about how to estimate the...

Supplier of pressure sensor that works down to 4.2 K

In an actual experiment we would like to measure the static pressure in a cryostat in the range between one and four bar. Therefore we are looking for some (more or less) cheap pressure sensors that work in liquid helium in the pressure range up to five bar. Unfortunately all...

Looking for reference/textbook suggestions

Can you suggest some reference textbooks for practical thermodynamics applications in cryogenic fields? I need textbooks with cryogenics calculations and examples, dimensioning procedures, second principle applications in cryogenics, heat load calculations, cryogenic pump application, etc. Do such books exist? Does any similar source of information exist?