Cold Facts Digital – Page 61 – The go-to place for Cryogenics and Superconductivity

Messer’s KwikChiller cryogenic system in operation, rapidly cooling baked and prepared food products while preserving quality and maximizing throughput. Credit: Messer

Messer Showcases New Cryogenic Innovations at IBIE in an Exclusive Innovation Suite

Messer’s Freezing and Chilling Solutions Take the Cake, and Cool It Too Author: Messer Americas Messer, a leader in cryogenic temperature control solutions, showcased the KwikChiller in an exclusive Innovation Suite at the 2025 International Baking Industry Exposition (IBIE). The technology was presented as a high-throughput cooling and freezing solution...

Operational Weather Is a Hidden Driver in Helium Purification

by Prabhat Kumar Gupta, SCRF Cavity Characterization and Cryogenics Section, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (RRCAT), Indore (MP), India and Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India Introduction Helium purification is central to stable cryogenic operation—whether in superconducting magnet facilities, accelerator test stands, quantum computing labs, or helium liquefaction...

kiutra Secures €13 Million to Eliminate Bottlenecks from Quantum Supply Chains with Helium-3-Free Cooling

kiutra’s CryoFloor platform enables helium-3-free magnetic cooling for quantum technologies, providing sustainable ultralow temperature performance without reliance on scarce resources. Credit: kiutra by kiutra GmbH Communications kiutra, a provider of magnetic cooling for quantum technologies, has raised €13 million in a new equity round to accelerate its global scale-up and...

Crane Cryogenics Advances Cryogenic Solutions for the Hydrogen Era

Crane Cryogenics vacuum jacketed rigid piping system. Credit: Crane Cryogenics by Crane Communications Crane Cryogenics, a division of Crane ChemPharma and Energy, has built its reputation by delivering reliable high-performance solutions for some of the most demanding cryogenic environments in the world. The company designs and manufactures advanced vacuum jacketed...

China Sets World Record With 35.1-Tesla Superconducting Magnet, Advancing Fusion and Energy Research

This photo, taken on Sept. 28, 2025, shows the superconducting magnet developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Plasma Physics (ASIPP) in Hefei. Credit: Xinhua/Wu Huijun by Chen Na, Chinese Academy of Sciences The race to generate stronger, more stable magnetic fields has become a cornerstone of modern...

Figure 1: Electron Ion Collider. Credit: Brookhaven

Brookhaven Expands Cryogenic Capabilities for the Electron-Ion Collider Project

by Chintan Sheth, Mechanical Engineer, PMP, Brookhaven National Laboratory The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) has been running successfully since the year 2000 at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). 2025 will be RHIC’s final run, and the facility will be decommissioned after the run ends...

Latest in Defining Cryogenics

Helium-3

Helium-3 (3He) is one of the two stable isotopes of helium. The other is the much more common Helium-4 (4He). Neither of these isotopes should be confused with He II, which is the second liquid phase of 4He. He II was discussed in this column in the Spring 2010 edition...

Cryopumping

Cryopumping refers to the use of cryogenic temperatures to produce vacuum in enclosed spaces. More broadly, it can also refer to the removal of gases via cryogenic temperatures from a flow stream or enclosure without necessarily resulting in vacuum pressures. This is an important application of cryogenics and is used...

Thermal Acoustic Oscillations

Thermal Acoustic Oscillations (TAO) are a common event in cryogenic systems that can have significant adverse effects on the performance of the system. TAOs are sustained pressure oscillations that can occur in tubes containing gas, closed at one end (the warm end) that have a very large temperature gradient along...

Latest in Cryo Central

Food Processing

Cryogenics and Food The industrial gas industry provides a host of products and services related to food. The various gases have useful and sometimes fascinating applications in food industry. “The food industry is not a homogenous industry. The needs of customers processing hamburger vs. poultry vs. strawberries vs. seafood, for...

Primary Standards

Elie K. Track Hypres, Inc. elie@hypres.com http://www.hypres.com/ Primary standards involve the exact definition and realization of units of measurement for various quantities, time, length, mass, voltage, resistance, current, etc. International agreements based on the latest scientific knowledge define those units, and their realizations vary depending on the unit itself. For...

Shrink Fitting

Robin A. Rhodes Cryogenic Institute of New England, Inc. rrhodes@nitrofreeze.com Shrink fitting, (or “compression fitting” as it is sometimes called), is a method used to insert a pin or bushing into a housing or other assembly requiring an extremely tight tolerance fit. It can be used as an alternative to...

Telecommunications

From the Winter 2004 issue of Cold Facts magazine The recent M-Calc IV — 4th Industry Assessment workshop discussing military and commercial applications for low-cost cryocoolers, held in November in San Diego, highlighted progress being made in cryogenics as applied in telecommunications. The reliability and long lifetime of projects now...

Latest in Ask the Experts

An Issue of Pressure and Flow Rate in a Supply Tank

Please help solve this problem: A supply tank requires a vaporizer to generate sufficient pressure to pump stored fluid up into a vehicle or tank. The available head is limited as the tank level falls and it is important to minimize the system pressure drop to maintain the desired flow...

Using MLI on VJ Line Joints or Cryo Storage Tanks

When installing Multi Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets on VJ line joints or cryo storage tanks should they be wrapped and tied down tight or loose? These are usually pre-cut to size. Also should they have an access hole at the point of where the molecular sieve is installed to help...

Separated layers of ice over a pipe

I want to know that why there are different layers of ice over a pipe carrying a cryogenic fluid, each layer separated with clear marks / lines? What do these layers signify?

Using nitrogen as a cryogen

Is it possible to achieve -200˚C using nitrogen as a cryogen?

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