Cold Facts Digital – Page 63 – The go-to place for Cryogenics and Superconductivity

O, Canada! Tips on CRN and International Code

Companies exporting to Canada must obtain a CRN, or Canadian Registration Number—issued by a Canadian provincial government such as Ontario (TSSA), Alberta (ABSA) or British Columbia (BC)—before shipping products to Canadian clients. It’s a process that can take from three to six months, and it is one that is often...

Lake Shore Unveils New Probe Arm

Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. (CSA CSM) is now offering for pre-order a unique terahertz-frequency probe arm option for its CPX, CPX-VF, CRX-4K and CRX-VF cryogenic probe stations. The arm enables precise probing and measurement of millimeter-wave devices at 75 to 110 GHz (WR10 band) or 140 to 220 GHz (WR5.1...

New Multi-Layer Insulation Hybrid is Supacool

Technical Fibre Products has launched of a new variant of its Supacool range of lightweight cryogenic tissues. It features a lightweight microfine glass spacer tissue co-wound with aluminum foil, forming the basis of multi-layer insulation or super insulation that can be inserted between the inner and outer walls of a...

Dark Matter Unseen in Hitomi’s Glimpse at Perseus Cluster

A large X-ray signal previously seen emanating from the Perseus galaxy cluster did not appear in the final data sent by the Hitomi spacecraft, casting a shadow over speculation that the anomalously bright signal might have come from dark matter.

Navy Buoys Cryogenic Radio Frequency Research

The US Navy Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific recently awarded contracts that shore up its efforts to develop new cryogenic radio systems. The award covers a broad range of R&D, according to the bid proposal, including signal detection, conditioning, conversion, processing and storage.

Physicists Reach 91 K with Laser Cooling

A group of scientists at the University of New Mexico’s Department of Physics and Astronomy are using lasers to advance optical refrigeration, a technique that reaches cryogenic temperatures without any moving parts.

Latest in Defining Cryogenics

Regenerators

Regenerators or regenerative heat exchangers are a key component of cryocoolers such as pulse tube cryocoolers (Cold Facts, August 2014). Regenerator performance greatly affects the coefficient of performance of cryocoolers. Improvements in regenerator design and, in particular, regenerator materials have been an important factor in the improvement of the performance...

Pulse Tube Cryocoolers

The development of pulse tube cryocoolers has been a significant topic of research and development over the past 20 or so years. Pulse tube cryocoolers have a number of advantages over other types of cryocoolers and are now available commercially. In order to understand pulse tube cryocoolers, it’s best to...

Thermal Expansion

Thermal expansion refers to the change in size (length or volume) that a material undergoes as its temperature changes. In cryogenic systems this effect can be quite large and must be allowed for in the design. In isotropic materials, which include most engineering materials, the thermal expansion is the same...

Latest in Cryo Central

Food Processing

Cryogenics and Food The industrial gas industry provides a host of products and services related to food. The various gases have useful and sometimes fascinating applications in food industry. “The food industry is not a homogenous industry. The needs of customers processing hamburger vs. poultry vs. strawberries vs. seafood, for...

Primary Standards

Elie K. Track Hypres, Inc. elie@hypres.com http://www.hypres.com/ Primary standards involve the exact definition and realization of units of measurement for various quantities, time, length, mass, voltage, resistance, current, etc. International agreements based on the latest scientific knowledge define those units, and their realizations vary depending on the unit itself. For...

Shrink Fitting

Robin A. Rhodes Cryogenic Institute of New England, Inc. rrhodes@nitrofreeze.com Shrink fitting, (or “compression fitting” as it is sometimes called), is a method used to insert a pin or bushing into a housing or other assembly requiring an extremely tight tolerance fit. It can be used as an alternative to...

Telecommunications

From the Winter 2004 issue of Cold Facts magazine The recent M-Calc IV — 4th Industry Assessment workshop discussing military and commercial applications for low-cost cryocoolers, held in November in San Diego, highlighted progress being made in cryogenics as applied in telecommunications. The reliability and long lifetime of projects now...

Latest in Ask the Experts

An Issue of Pressure and Flow Rate in a Supply Tank

Please help solve this problem: A supply tank requires a vaporizer to generate sufficient pressure to pump stored fluid up into a vehicle or tank. The available head is limited as the tank level falls and it is important to minimize the system pressure drop to maintain the desired flow...

Using MLI on VJ Line Joints or Cryo Storage Tanks

When installing Multi Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets on VJ line joints or cryo storage tanks should they be wrapped and tied down tight or loose? These are usually pre-cut to size. Also should they have an access hole at the point of where the molecular sieve is installed to help...

Separated layers of ice over a pipe

I want to know that why there are different layers of ice over a pipe carrying a cryogenic fluid, each layer separated with clear marks / lines? What do these layers signify?

Using nitrogen as a cryogen

Is it possible to achieve -200˚C using nitrogen as a cryogen?

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