Cryocoolers, a Brief Overview
Cryocoolers are a type of refrigerator designed to reach cryogenic temperatures. Engineers use the term most often for smaller systems, typically no larger than table-top size, with input powers less than about 20 kW.
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2nd International Conference on Cryogenics and Refrigeration Technologies
The city of Bucharest hosted the 2nd International Congress on Cryogenics and Refrigeration Technologies May 7-10, welcoming attendees with delicious food, pleasant parks, numerous museums and plenty of research and conversation.
Columbia Researchers Squeeze Light into Nanoscale Devices and Circuits
Columbia investigators have invented of a novel "home-built" cryogenic near-field optical microscope that has enabled them to directly image, for the first time, the propagation and dynamics of graphene plasmons at variable temperatures down to -250°C.
OPERA Presents Its Final Results on Neutrino Oscillations
In a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters, the OPERA collaboration reports the observation of a total of 10 muon to tau-neutrino conversion events, demonstrating unambiguously that muon neutrinos oscillate into tau neutrinos on their way from CERN, where muon neutrinos were produced, to OPERA at the Gran...
NASA’s Cold Atom Lab Launches, Coldest Spot in Universe Now on ISS
NASA's Cold Atom Lab (CAL) facility was included in the cargo that launched to the International Space Station on the Orbital ATK CRS-9 mission. CAL produces clouds of atoms that are ten billion times colder than deep space, using lasers and magnetic forces to freeze the atoms until they are...
Canadian Researchers Working on Novel MRI for ISS
The Canadian Space Agency has awarded a research team at the University of Saskatchewan a contract to design and engineer an ankle-sized MRI device for the International Space Station. The device, according to the team, will ultimately monitor the bone health of astronauts during prolonged space trips, where weightless conditions...
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Dilution Refrigerators
Dilution refrigerators are a common technique for reaching temperatures below 1K, particularly where continuous cooling at these temperatures is required. Helium exists in two stable isotopes: 4He and 3He. Naturally occurring 3He is extremely rare, constituting less than 1 part per million of helium gas. However, 3He can be manufactured,...
Oxygen Deficiency Hazards
Oxygen Deficiency Hazards (ODH) are a significant safety issue in cryogenic facilities. ODH occurs when inert gases such as nitrogen, helium or argon displace room air and thus lower the percentage of oxygen in the space below that required for human life. OSHA defines an area as oxygen deficient if...
Kelvin Temperature Scale
The Kelvin temperature scale is the principal temperature scale used in cryogenics and science. The kelvin is also one of the seven base units in the Système International d’Unités (SI) and is the unit of thermodynamic temperature. Thermodynamic temperature is a fundamental physical quantity (like mass, length or electrical current)...
Air Separation and Liquefaction
by Nils Tellier, PE, President, EPSIM Corporation (CSA CSM) nils@epsim.us All illustrations courtesy EPSIM Corporation Background History of Air Separation and Liquefaction This section builds on a rich history of methods to develop deep refrigeration and cryogenic liquefaction during the 19th Century. You are encouraged to read Cryo Central’s History...
Bose-Einstein Condensate
A Bose-Einstein condensate, first proposed in 1925 by Albert Einstein based on work done by Satyendra Nath Bose (the same Bose from whom the term boson is derived), is a super-cold state of matter in which almost all of the individual atoms have “condensed” down to the lowest possible quantum...
Cold Technology for Pest Control
While it does not reach temperatures cold enough to be called cryogenic, carbon dioxide snow is at the heart of a new way of dealing with unwanted pests. It utilizes a quick freezing process that takes advantage of the properties of carbon dioxide snow and has a number of benefits...
Cryogenic Finishing
The following 3 articles discuss the uses and procedures of various type of cryogenic finishing. 1) By Robin A. Rhodes, Cryogenic Institute of New England, Inc. rrhodes@nitrofreeze.com Cryogenic Deflashing is employed to remove undesired residual mold flash that remains on molded parts after they are removed or ejected from the...
Design of cryostats and suspension mechanisms for insulation and cryostat shielding
I’m looking for information about the design of cryostats and suspension mechanisms for insulation and cryostat shielding.
Southern California companies doing cryogenic hardening of engine parts?
Do you have any information on where to find companies in Southern California that do cryogenic hardening of engine parts?
Liquid nitrogen as coolant in machining industry?
What kinds of information do you have on the uses of liquid nitrogen as a coolant in the machining industry?
Where can I find Information about air separation techniques?
I have a small air separation plant: 50Nm3/hr. Where can I find information about air separation techniques? For example, the starting time is now 12 hours after defrost–I want to know if it’s possible to reduce that.