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Jefferson Lab Dedicates Niobium-Tin Particle Accelerator Prototype

More than 30 of the world’s most advanced particle accelerators rely on one technology: superconducting radio-frequency (SRF). This technology, typically powered by pure niobium metal, has seen recent advancements with the introduction of niobium-tin alloys, which promise greater efficiency. The US Department of Energy’s (DOE) Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility...

Vacuum Barrier Corporation Enhances Customer Support Through Field Service Evolution

Vacuum Barrier Corporation (VBC) has long been recognized for its commitment to excellence in cryogenic systems and liquid nitrogen (LN2) solutions. Recently, the company has made significant strides in bolstering its customer support by establishing a dedicated department for reliability and technical support. Dana Muse, Reliability and Technical Support Manager,...

Argonne Empowers Female Energy Leaders

Argonne National Laboratory (CSA CSM) recently hosted 12 women leaders from Net Zero World partner countries for a two-week training program under the Climate Smart Women Energy Leaders (CSWEL) initiative. In collaboration with the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Net Zero World Initiative, the program aimed to equip participants with...

Continuous Cryogenic Pellet Injection System Developed for Tokamak Fueling

A continuous cryogenic pellet injection system for tokamak fueling has been developed by a joint research team from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It overcame technical challenges related to cryogenic ice formation, pellet cutting and pellet launching. Cryogenic pellet injection is a cutting-edge technique...

Web Industries to Showcase Precision-Formatting Solutions at JEC World 2025

Aerospace structures, parts, and components Satellite, spacecraft, and launch cryogenic multi-layer insulation (MLI) Urban mobility and electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft Wind turbine blades Oil, gas, and hydrogen/carbon capture pipes Battery energy storage systems (BESS) The company’s contract services include high-speed slitting, rewinding, spooling, chopping, seaming, and laminating,...

Incoming CERN Director-General Mark Thomson Outlines His Future Priorities

CSA April Newsletter SponsorHigh-performance, highly reliable, long-lasting storage tanks for transporting hydrogen & helium molecules around the globe.https://www.gardnercryo.com [Contact Jamie Luedtke for Newsletter Sponsorship] Home About Membership Login Calendar Cold Facts Buyer’s Guide News Publications Cryo Careers Resources Donate Join now Log in Cryogenic Society of America, Inc. Twitter Facebook...

Latest in Defining Cryogenics

Two-Phase Flows

Two-phase flows are those flows in which there is a mixture of two physical states (solid, liquid or vapor). In cryogenic applications, such flows are almost always a mixture of a cryogenic liquid along with its corresponding vapor. A mixture of liquid helium and helium vapor would be a typical...

Supercritical Fluids

A supercritical fluid is defined as a substance whose temperature and pressure exceed those of its critical point. Every pure substance has a critical point that is defined in thermodynamic space by a critical temperature and a corresponding critical pressure. For example, the critical point for helium has a critical...

Brayton Cycle

The Brayton cycle is one of the many thermodynamic cycles used to generate cooling at cryogenic temperatures. Strictly speaking, when referring to cooling we should call this the reverse Brayton cycle as the original Brayton cycle describes the process of power generation or propulsion via a gas turbine. In many...

Latest in Cryo Central

Magnets

From “Superconductivity: Present and Future Applications” by the Coalition for the Commercial Application of Superconductors. Particle physics uses accelerators to recreate the conditions of the early universe in an attempt to piece together the complex puzzle of how we got to where we are today. These huge machines are used...

Energy Storage

From “Superconductivity: Present and Future Applications” by the Coalition for the Commercial Application of Superconductors. With power lines increasingly congested and prone to instability, strategic injection of brief bursts of real power can play a crucial role in maintaining grid reliability. Small-scale Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) systems, based on...

Astronomy

ASTRONOMY IN SPACE by Peter V. Mason, retired, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and Visiting Associate, California Institute of Technology. Pmason@alumni.caltech.edu In thinking about the reasons to perform astronomy in space, we first consider the effect of the earth’s atmosphere. On a scale of decreasing energy, gamma rays, cosmic rays, X-rays and...

Cryocoolers

What is a Cryocooler? A mechanism that can extract heat from an object (cooler) and by doing so draw its temperature down below approximately 150 Kelvin (cryo). — (Courtesy Dr. Willy Gully) What is the difference between a Cryocooler and a Cryostat? A cryostat is any device designed to maintain...

Latest in Ask the Experts

An Issue of Pressure and Flow Rate in a Supply Tank

Please help solve this problem: A supply tank requires a vaporizer to generate sufficient pressure to pump stored fluid up into a vehicle or tank. The available head is limited as the tank level falls and it is important to minimize the system pressure drop to maintain the desired flow...

Using MLI on VJ Line Joints or Cryo Storage Tanks

When installing Multi Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets on VJ line joints or cryo storage tanks should they be wrapped and tied down tight or loose? These are usually pre-cut to size. Also should they have an access hole at the point of where the molecular sieve is installed to help...

Separated layers of ice over a pipe

I want to know that why there are different layers of ice over a pipe carrying a cryogenic fluid, each layer separated with clear marks / lines? What do these layers signify?

Using nitrogen as a cryogen

Is it possible to achieve -200˚C using nitrogen as a cryogen?

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