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Cryocoolers to Monitor Global Surface Temperatures from Space

The Cryocooler Development and Engineering Group at Airbus Defence and Space, formerly known as Astrium, has delivered the first of two space cryocooler systems, scheduled to launch in mid-2015 on the European Space Agency’s twin Sentinel 3 satellites.

The Rebirth of CSA

In 1984, 20 years after its founding, the Cryogenic Society of America was re-incorporated in the state of Illinois under new leadership. President Romuald (Ray) Szara explained the changes in a letter to the membership quoted in Vol. 1, No. 1 of the new CSA magazine, Cold Facts.

The Birth of CSA

The Cryogenic Society of America was founded in 1964. David Carse, the first national President of CSA, traced the “history” of the newly formed body in his article “Cryo Comment,” published in Volume 1, No. 1 of the society’s journal, Cryogenic Technology.

Report on World Congress of the ISC

The 17th World Congress of the International Society of Cryosurgery was held in Bali, Indonesia, last December. At the opening ceremony, Prof. Dr. Akmal Taher, Sp.U(K), Director General of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, welcomed the delegates. A total of 109 delegates from four continents attended...

Northrop Grumman successfully completes spacecraft critical design review for JWST

Northrop Grumman Corporation successfully passed the last significant mission design milestone for NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, the spacecraft Critical Design Review (CDR), five months ahead of schedule, following the replan.

16th Intl. Conference on RF Superconductivity held in Paris

Ah, Paris! The City of Lights was the setting for the SRF 2013 conference, held Sept. 22-27. The conference was the latest continuation of a series started in 1980 at Karlsruhe as a small workshop, and has grown to 412 attendees, featuring an exhibition with 20 industrial exhibitors, and offering...

Latest in Defining Cryogenics

Refrigerators and Liquefiers

Two of the most common terms used in cryogenics are “refrigerator” and “liquefier.” These terms describe similar and, as will be seen, in some cases identical components. A refrigerator provides cooling (that is, absorbs heat) at cryogenic temperatures. Refrigerators typically put a working fluid (such as helium) through one of...

Air Separation

Air separation is one of the largest, as well as earliest, industrial applications of cryogenics. In this process, cryogenic temperatures are used to separate air into its constituent gases: nitrogen (78.08%), oxygen (20.95%), argon (0.93%) and carbon dioxide (0.3%). Trace gases such as krypton, neon, xenon and helium total far...

Coefficient of Performance and Figure of Merit

The coefficient of performance (COP) is used to describe the effectiveness of refrigerators, including those operating at cryogenic temperatures. The COP is defined as the amount of heat removed at the cryogenic operating temperature of the refrigerator divided by the amount of work that must be applied to remove the...

Latest in Cryo Central

Air Separation and Liquefaction

by Nils Tellier, PE, President, EPSIM Corporation (CSA CSM) nils@epsim.us All illustrations courtesy EPSIM Corporation Background History of Air Separation and Liquefaction This section builds on a rich history of methods to develop deep refrigeration and cryogenic liquefaction during the 19th Century. You are encouraged to read Cryo Central’s History...

Bose-Einstein Condensate

A Bose-Einstein condensate, first proposed in 1925 by Albert Einstein based on work done by Satyendra Nath Bose (the same Bose from whom the term boson is derived), is a super-cold state of matter in which almost all of the individual atoms have “condensed” down to the lowest possible quantum...

Cold Technology for Pest Control

While it does not reach temperatures cold enough to be called cryogenic, carbon dioxide snow is at the heart of a new way of dealing with unwanted pests. It utilizes a quick freezing process that takes advantage of the properties of carbon dioxide snow and has a number of benefits...

Cryogenic Finishing

The following 3 articles discuss the uses and procedures of various type of cryogenic finishing. 1) By Robin A. Rhodes, Cryogenic Institute of New England, Inc. rrhodes@nitrofreeze.com Cryogenic Deflashing is employed to remove undesired residual mold flash that remains on molded parts after they are removed or ejected from the...

Latest in Ask the Experts

Convert PSI or Torr to Degrees Kelvin?

When using helium vapor bulbs under 30K, what is the formula to convert from PSI or Torr to degrees Kelvin?

Searching for a company to make a specific kind of cryogenic chamber

I am writing a proposal to do some deep space simulations of mechanical vibrations at cryogenic temperatures. For the research, I will need to obtain a chamber that has a space of approximately 1700 cubic inches (or a 12in. cube) that also has an optical viewing window.

Cryogenic cooling as possible treatment of aluminum parts for semiconductor industry

I’m interested in cryogenic cooling as a possible treatment of aluminum parts for the semiconductor industry.

Calibration curve for pt100 below 70K?

Does anyone have a calibration curve for pt100 below 70K?

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