SciAnswers, a science-based Q&A site, launches
SciScout LLC recently announced that it has launched SciAnswers, a science-related questions-and-answers site that makes it easy to ask and answer science questions.
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Cryogenic Institute of New England receives ITAR registration
The Cryogenic Institute of New England recently announced that it has received approval for its International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) from the US Department of State, Bureau of Political-Military Affairs.
Bird disrupts LHC cooling system temporarily
From CERN news, November 6, 2009: On Tuesday, November 3, a bird carrying a baguette bread caused a short circuit in an electrical outdoor installation that serves sectors 7-8 and 8-1 of the LHC.
Luvata wins $26 million contract from DOE
Luvata Waterbury, a subsidiary of Luvata Fabrication North America, has been awarded a $26 million contract by the US Department of Energy to supply superconductive material for the ITER project.
IEEE Magnetics Society to launch IEEE Magnetics Letters
The IEEE Magnetics Society has announced that on January 1, 2010 it will launch "IEEE Magnetics Letters," a primarily electronic peer-reviewed journal dedicated exclusively to magnetics articles of substantial current interest.
Cryoconcept appoints new Managing Director
Cryoconcept, a French manufacturer of Dilution Refrigerator equipment and systems and a subsidiary of Cryomagnetics Inc. of Oak Ridge, Tennessee has announced that Mr. R. Michael Capers has recently been appointed as Managing Director of the company.
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Refrigerators and Liquefiers
Two of the most common terms used in cryogenics are “refrigerator” and “liquefier.” These terms describe similar and, as will be seen, in some cases identical components. A refrigerator provides cooling (that is, absorbs heat) at cryogenic temperatures. Refrigerators typically put a working fluid (such as helium) through one of...
Air Separation
Air separation is one of the largest, as well as earliest, industrial applications of cryogenics. In this process, cryogenic temperatures are used to separate air into its constituent gases: nitrogen (78.08%), oxygen (20.95%), argon (0.93%) and carbon dioxide (0.3%). Trace gases such as krypton, neon, xenon and helium total far...
Coefficient of Performance and Figure of Merit
The coefficient of performance (COP) is used to describe the effectiveness of refrigerators, including those operating at cryogenic temperatures. The COP is defined as the amount of heat removed at the cryogenic operating temperature of the refrigerator divided by the amount of work that must be applied to remove the...
Air Separation and Liquefaction
by Nils Tellier, PE, President, EPSIM Corporation (CSA CSM) nils@epsim.us All illustrations courtesy EPSIM Corporation Background History of Air Separation and Liquefaction This section builds on a rich history of methods to develop deep refrigeration and cryogenic liquefaction during the 19th Century. You are encouraged to read Cryo Central’s History...
Bose-Einstein Condensate
A Bose-Einstein condensate, first proposed in 1925 by Albert Einstein based on work done by Satyendra Nath Bose (the same Bose from whom the term boson is derived), is a super-cold state of matter in which almost all of the individual atoms have “condensed” down to the lowest possible quantum...
Cold Technology for Pest Control
While it does not reach temperatures cold enough to be called cryogenic, carbon dioxide snow is at the heart of a new way of dealing with unwanted pests. It utilizes a quick freezing process that takes advantage of the properties of carbon dioxide snow and has a number of benefits...
Cryogenic Finishing
The following 3 articles discuss the uses and procedures of various type of cryogenic finishing. 1) By Robin A. Rhodes, Cryogenic Institute of New England, Inc. rrhodes@nitrofreeze.com Cryogenic Deflashing is employed to remove undesired residual mold flash that remains on molded parts after they are removed or ejected from the...
Presence of alloying elements in tool steels
I want to expand my knowledge of cryogenics in general and tool steels in particular. Specifically, I am keenly interested in learning about the presence of alloying elements in tool steels and how their presence in various combinations affects the performance of tool steels after cryogenic treatment.
Pros and cons of barcoding samples
I was wondering if I could ask for input on pros and cons of barcoding. We are in the process of trying to decide if we should start barcoding our samples and I’m just not sure if this is feasible for our organization. We have numerous sites all over the...
Purity level of helium gas stream in cryo plant purification system
I would like to know what the principal methods and the relative instrumentation to check the purity level of helium gas stream in the purification system of a common helium cryogenic plant are. What principles are these instruments based on? And what are their principal characteristics?
LN2 for cryopreservation through controlled rate freezing of samples
I am the cryogenic specialist for a stem cell bank in Greece. I am trying to find the minimum requirements (purity, humidity, etc.) of liquid nitrogen for cryopreservation through controlled rate freezing of biological samples.