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Continuous Cryogenic Pellet Injection System Developed for Tokamak Fueling

A continuous cryogenic pellet injection system for tokamak fueling has been developed by a joint research team from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It overcame technical challenges related to cryogenic ice formation, pellet cutting and pellet launching. Cryogenic pellet injection is a cutting-edge technique...

Web Industries to Showcase Precision-Formatting Solutions at JEC World 2025

Aerospace structures, parts, and components Satellite, spacecraft, and launch cryogenic multi-layer insulation (MLI) Urban mobility and electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft Wind turbine blades Oil, gas, and hydrogen/carbon capture pipes Battery energy storage systems (BESS) The company’s contract services include high-speed slitting, rewinding, spooling, chopping, seaming, and laminating,...

Incoming CERN Director-General Mark Thomson Outlines His Future Priorities

CSA April Newsletter SponsorHigh-performance, highly reliable, long-lasting storage tanks for transporting hydrogen & helium molecules around the globe.​https://www.gardnercryo.com [Contact Jamie Luedtke for Newsletter Sponsorship] Home About Membership Login Calendar Cold Facts Buyer’s Guide News Publications Cryo Careers Resources Donate Join now Log in Cryogenic Society of America, Inc. Twitter Facebook...

Historic Visit to CERN

CSA April Newsletter SponsorHigh-performance, highly reliable, long-lasting storage tanks for transporting hydrogen & helium molecules around the globe.​https://www.gardnercryo.com [Contact Jamie Luedtke for Newsletter Sponsorship] Home About Membership Login Calendar Cold Facts Buyer’s Guide News Publications Cryo Careers Resources Donate Join now Log in Cryogenic Society of America, Inc. Twitter Facebook...

Strong Hints of a Bose Metal

Source: Applied Physics Image: An enigmatic and anomalous metallic state turns out to be intrinsic rather than a consequence of crystalline defects. Credit: Applied Physics References Y. Du et al., “Unveiling resilient superconducting fluctuations in atomically thin NbSe2 through Higgs mode spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 066002 (2025)

Sonatrach and Coolergy in Talks to Produce Blue LH2 for Global Supply

Sonatrach, Algeria’s state-owned oil and gas leader, is making strides in the renewable energy sector through a promising discussion with Coolergy S.L., a Spanish engineering company specializing in liquid hydrogen solutions. The meeting, involving Sonatrach’s director for green and renewable energy, Youcef Khanafar, and Coolergy’s CEO, Kirill Lyats, was held...

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Helium-3

Helium-3 (3He) is one of the two stable isotopes of helium. The other is the much more common Helium-4 (4He). Neither of these isotopes should be confused with He II, which is the second liquid phase of 4He. He II was discussed in this column in the Spring 2010 edition...

Cryopumping

Cryopumping refers to the use of cryogenic temperatures to produce vacuum in enclosed spaces. More broadly, it can also refer to the removal of gases via cryogenic temperatures from a flow stream or enclosure without necessarily resulting in vacuum pressures. This is an important application of cryogenics and is used...

Thermal Acoustic Oscillations

Thermal Acoustic Oscillations (TAO) are a common event in cryogenic systems that can have significant adverse effects on the performance of the system. TAOs are sustained pressure oscillations that can occur in tubes containing gas, closed at one end (the warm end) that have a very large temperature gradient along...

Cryogenic Electronics

Randall Kirschman, consulting physicist, Mountain View, California ExtElect@gmail.com Cryogenic electronics—the operation of electronic devices, circuits, and systems at cryogenic temperatures—has been a valuable technology for decades. Cryogenic electronics (also referred to as low-temperature electronics, or cold electronics) can be based on semiconductive devices, on superconductive devices, or on a combination...

Particle Physics: High Energy Physics

Cryogenics and High-Energy Physics 1. From symmetry magazine: http://www.symmetrymagazine.org/cms/?pid=1000627: Cryogenics is the study of how materials behave at temperatures near absolute zero. In high-energy particle accelerators, such frigid temperatures reduce the electrical resistance of wires in superconducting magnets, increasing the magnet strength and allowing faster particle acceleration. The same holds...

HTS Degaussing Systems

From the Spring 2009 issue of Cold Facts (Volume 25, Number 2): Thanks to a joint project by the US Navy and a number of industry partners, high temperature superconducting (HTS) technology is now at the heart of an advanced degaussing system aboard the USS Higgins at the naval station...

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

From http://www.superconductors.org: An area where superconductors can perform a life-saving function is in the field of biomagnetism. Doctors need a non-invasive means of determining what’s going on inside the human body. By impinging a strong superconductor-derived magnetic field into the body, hydrogen atoms that exist in the body’s water and...

An Issue of Pressure and Flow Rate in a Supply Tank

Please help solve this problem: A supply tank requires a vaporizer to generate sufficient pressure to pump stored fluid up into a vehicle or tank. The available head is limited as the tank level falls and it is important to minimize the system pressure drop to maintain the desired flow...

Using MLI on VJ Line Joints or Cryo Storage Tanks

When installing Multi Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets on VJ line joints or cryo storage tanks should they be wrapped and tied down tight or loose? These are usually pre-cut to size. Also should they have an access hole at the point of where the molecular sieve is installed to help...