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Superconductivity Mystery: Scientists Challenge a 50-Year Theory of Electron Behavior

A recent study found that the Hubbard model failed to accurately predict the behavior of a simplified one-dimensional cuprate system. According to scientists at SLAC, this suggests the model is unlikely to fully account for high-temperature superconductivity in two-dimensional cuprates. Superconductivity—the ability of materials to conduct electricity without energy loss—holds...

IBM to Invest $150 Billion in U.S. Over Next Five Years to Aid Quantum Push

IBM has announced plans to invest $150 billion in the United States over the next five years, marking one of the most significant commitments by a major tech company to bolster American manufacturing and emerging technologies. A substantial portion of this investment, over $30 billion, will be directed specifically toward...

Quantum Computing’s Breakthrough Moment in Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals

The National Quantum Computing Centre (NQCC) has released its first Insights Paper, offering a powerful look at how quantum computing could reshape healthcare and pharmaceuticals. Developed through extensive engagement with industry leaders, researchers, and policymakers, the paper delivers clear, actionable insights for healthcare executives, pharmaceutical innovators, policymakers, and funders. The...

A New Chapter for Carbon Capture

As industries worldwide race toward decarbonization, reliable solutions that balance emissions goals with energy demands remain elusive. But a new partnership between Bloom Energy (NYSE: BE) and Chart Industries (NYSE: GTLS) signals a promising shift—one that could redefine how energy-intensive sectors like data centers and manufacturers approach carbon capture and...

CB&I and Shell Unveil First Commercial-Scale Liquid Hydrogen Storage Tank Design

At NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, a major step toward global hydrogen trade has quietly taken shape. CB&I, in partnership with Shell, GenH2, and the University of Houston, recently unveiled a first-of-its-kind concept for affordable, commercial-scale liquid hydrogen (LH2) storage—designed to support international import and export operations....

Hidrogenii Commissions 15 Ton Per Day Hydrogen Liquefaction Plant in Louisiana

Hidrogenii, the joint venture between Plug Power Inc. and Olin Corporation, has announced the commissioning of its 15 metric-ton-per-day (TPD) hydrogen liquefaction plant in St. Gabriel, Louisiana. Among the largest electrolytic hydrogen liquefaction facilities in North America, the site marks a major milestone in strengthening the regional hydrogen supply chain...

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Helium-3

Helium-3 (3He) is one of the two stable isotopes of helium. The other is the much more common Helium-4 (4He). Neither of these isotopes should be confused with He II, which is the second liquid phase of 4He. He II was discussed in this column in the Spring 2010 edition...

Cryopumping

Cryopumping refers to the use of cryogenic temperatures to produce vacuum in enclosed spaces. More broadly, it can also refer to the removal of gases via cryogenic temperatures from a flow stream or enclosure without necessarily resulting in vacuum pressures. This is an important application of cryogenics and is used...

Thermal Acoustic Oscillations

Thermal Acoustic Oscillations (TAO) are a common event in cryogenic systems that can have significant adverse effects on the performance of the system. TAOs are sustained pressure oscillations that can occur in tubes containing gas, closed at one end (the warm end) that have a very large temperature gradient along...

Air Separation and Liquefaction

by Nils Tellier, PE, President, EPSIM Corporation (CSA CSM) nils@epsim.us All illustrations courtesy EPSIM Corporation Background History of Air Separation and Liquefaction This section builds on a rich history of methods to develop deep refrigeration and cryogenic liquefaction during the 19th Century. You are encouraged to read Cryo Central’s History...

Bose-Einstein Condensate

A Bose-Einstein condensate, first proposed in 1925 by Albert Einstein based on work done by Satyendra Nath Bose (the same Bose from whom the term boson is derived), is a super-cold state of matter in which almost all of the individual atoms have “condensed” down to the lowest possible quantum...

Cold Technology for Pest Control

While it does not reach temperatures cold enough to be called cryogenic, carbon dioxide snow is at the heart of a new way of dealing with unwanted pests. It utilizes a quick freezing process that takes advantage of the properties of carbon dioxide snow and has a number of benefits...

Cryogenic Finishing

The following 3 articles discuss the uses and procedures of various type of cryogenic finishing. 1) By Robin A. Rhodes, Cryogenic Institute of New England, Inc. rrhodes@nitrofreeze.com Cryogenic Deflashing is employed to remove undesired residual mold flash that remains on molded parts after they are removed or ejected from the...

In search of a calculation for designing a cryostat

I am a final year physics student at the University of Birmingham, and as part of a group I am currently designing a cryostat. One of the calculations I need to make (very soon!) is how much heat will be conducted down the walls. All information I have found so...

Safety of ethylene glycol and pressurized oxygen

We are reviewing the product design of liquid filled differential level gauges and want to insure that they meet the industry requirements. The former license owner had authorized that a fill fluid of ethylene glycol (68%) and distilled water (32%) could be used for oxygen service up to 500 psi....