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New Near-Zero-Temperature Atomic Clock Aims to Redefine How Precisely We Measure Time

ByNeetika Walter Scientists in Toronto have unveiled a chilling breakthrough: a laser-regulated atomic clock cooled to just five degrees above absolute zero, promising a leap in timekeeping accuracy unlike anything used today. Physicists at the University of Toronto have developed the world’s first cryogenic single-ion optical atomic clock, a next-generation...

attocube and Quandela Deliver Lucy: World’s Most AdvancedPhotonic Quantum Computer

The French-German consortium Quandela and attocube systems GmbH has successfully delivered Lucy, a 12-qubit photonic quantum computer, to the Très Grand Centre de Calcul (TGCC) at CEA in France. Procured by the EuroHPC Joint Undertaking under the EuroQCS-France initiative, Lucy marks a major milestone in Europe’s quantum computing roadmap. Lucy...

Cracking the Code to Human Organ Banking

by Dr. Lakshya Gangwar, University of Minnesota Imagine a future where organs can be stored indefinitely “as glass,” and ready to be brought back to life at a moment’s notice. That’s the bold horizon sketched by a new study from University of Minnesota researchers, published in Nature Communications, 16 8511...

Stirling’s Liquid Nitrogen Solution for Smallholder Farmers Displays the Power of Cold

by Pranav Date, Stirling Cryogenics The Cold Chain Problem in Africa Africa’s agricultural productivity has been steadily improving, yet the absence of cold storage facilities in rural regions continues to pose severe challenges. Without reliable refrigeration, perishable goods often spoil before they can reach markets. This results in high post-harvest...

Nitrofreeze Cryogenic Solutions Dry Ice Blasts for Historic Restorations

By Ryan Taylor, Nitrofreeze Cryogenic Solutions Dry ice blasting is used in a wide range of historic restoration projects, including a recent one completed in Rockport, Mass., in July of this year. Nitrofreeze Cryogenic Solutions was contracted to dry ice blast barn board wood inside a fishing hut to lighten...

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Refrigerators and Liquefiers

Two of the most common terms used in cryogenics are “refrigerator” and “liquefier.” These terms describe similar and, as will be seen, in some cases identical components. A refrigerator provides cooling (that is, absorbs heat) at cryogenic temperatures. Refrigerators typically put a working fluid (such as helium) through one of...

Air Separation

Air separation is one of the largest, as well as earliest, industrial applications of cryogenics. In this process, cryogenic temperatures are used to separate air into its constituent gases: nitrogen (78.08%), oxygen (20.95%), argon (0.93%) and carbon dioxide (0.3%). Trace gases such as krypton, neon, xenon and helium total far...

Coefficient of Performance and Figure of Merit

The coefficient of performance (COP) is used to describe the effectiveness of refrigerators, including those operating at cryogenic temperatures. The COP is defined as the amount of heat removed at the cryogenic operating temperature of the refrigerator divided by the amount of work that must be applied to remove the...

Food Processing

Cryogenics and Food The industrial gas industry provides a host of products and services related to food. The various gases have useful and sometimes fascinating applications in food industry. “The food industry is not a homogenous industry. The needs of customers processing hamburger vs. poultry vs. strawberries vs. seafood, for...

Primary Standards

Elie K. Track Hypres, Inc. elie@hypres.com http://www.hypres.com/ Primary standards involve the exact definition and realization of units of measurement for various quantities, time, length, mass, voltage, resistance, current, etc. International agreements based on the latest scientific knowledge define those units, and their realizations vary depending on the unit itself. For...

Shrink Fitting

Robin A. Rhodes Cryogenic Institute of New England, Inc. rrhodes@nitrofreeze.com Shrink fitting, (or “compression fitting” as it is sometimes called), is a method used to insert a pin or bushing into a housing or other assembly requiring an extremely tight tolerance fit. It can be used as an alternative to...

Telecommunications

From the Winter 2004 issue of Cold Facts magazine The recent M-Calc IV — 4th Industry Assessment workshop discussing military and commercial applications for low-cost cryocoolers, held in November in San Diego, highlighted progress being made in cryogenics as applied in telecommunications. The reliability and long lifetime of projects now...

An Issue of Pressure and Flow Rate in a Supply Tank

Please help solve this problem: A supply tank requires a vaporizer to generate sufficient pressure to pump stored fluid up into a vehicle or tank. The available head is limited as the tank level falls and it is important to minimize the system pressure drop to maintain the desired flow...

Using MLI on VJ Line Joints or Cryo Storage Tanks

When installing Multi Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets on VJ line joints or cryo storage tanks should they be wrapped and tied down tight or loose? These are usually pre-cut to size. Also should they have an access hole at the point of where the molecular sieve is installed to help...