Cold Facts Digital – Page 63 – The go-to place for Cryogenics and Superconductivity

US Gov’t Shutdown Affects Cryo, Superconductivity

In October, it would have been hard to miss the news of the 16-day US federal government shutdown, even for those located outside of the United States. The shutdown came as a result of Congress’ inability to enact legislation appropriating funds for fiscal year 2014 or to agree on a...

Use of fiberglass in the LNG market

I am doing a bit of market research on the use of fiberglass in the LNG market. What is the type and weave of fiberglass used in LNG manufacturing? Is it used aesthetically or is there an actual technical purpose for the fiberglass, such as insulation? Can you name the...

Stirling Cryocoolers for the LNG Market

Interest in use of Stirling cryogenerators (cryocoolers) for liquefied natural gas (LNG) applications has grown with the increasing worldwide demand for the gas. Cryogenerators act as cold heat exchangers which can directly reliquefy methane gas. They are typically used for direct liquefaction of an LNG stream, e.g. that produced from...

Minimizing Eddy Currents in Superinsulation

RUAG's study investigated various processes to structure metallic coatings to develop a better product. The aim was to retain the high reflectivity provided by the aluminum and to reduce the eddy currents to a level acceptable for different application

DeMaCo Receives Major Orders from DESY

DeMaCo, a Dutch specialist in cryogenic infrastructure, has acquired two major orders from DESY, the main shareholder of the European X-ray Free Electron Laser facility, or European XFEL for short. The purpose of the project is to produce high intensity coherent X-rays with true laser properties. The wavelength of these...

Modern CryoScience and CryoMedicine: a Quantum Leap in Oncology

For the first time recently, a number of theoretical, experimental and clinical studies have been performed, both in vitro and in vivo, with the aim of explaining the effect of low temperatures on healthy and malignant tumor tissue.

Latest in Defining Cryogenics

Mixed Refrigerant Cycles

Most cryogenic refrigeration systems, both large scale systems and cryocoolers, use helium as a working fluid. There are a number of advantages to helium, not the least of which is that helium remains a fluid down to the lowest achievable temperatures. In order to freeze helium, pressures of over 20...

Fountain Pumps and He II Phase Separators

Helium II (He II), the second liquid phase of the 4He isotope described in this column in Cold Facts Spring 2010 (http://2csa.us/he2), can be modeled as consisting of two interpenetrating fluids. One, the superfluid component, has zero viscosity and entropy and the other, the normal fluid component, has nonzero viscosity...

Turboexpanders

A vital technology in the refrigerators and liquefiers described in Cold Facts Volume 31 Number 3 is that of turboexpanders. These devices are rotating machines in which the process fluid (e.g., helium) does work against the turboexpander while moving from high pressure to a lower pressure and thus is cooled....

Latest in Cryo Central

Cryogenic Electronics

Randall Kirschman, consulting physicist, Mountain View, California ExtElect@gmail.com Cryogenic electronics—the operation of electronic devices, circuits, and systems at cryogenic temperatures—has been a valuable technology for decades. Cryogenic electronics (also referred to as low-temperature electronics, or cold electronics) can be based on semiconductive devices, on superconductive devices, or on a combination...

Particle Physics: High Energy Physics

Cryogenics and High-Energy Physics 1. From symmetry magazine: http://www.symmetrymagazine.org/cms/?pid=1000627: Cryogenics is the study of how materials behave at temperatures near absolute zero. In high-energy particle accelerators, such frigid temperatures reduce the electrical resistance of wires in superconducting magnets, increasing the magnet strength and allowing faster particle acceleration. The same holds...

HTS Degaussing Systems

From the Spring 2009 issue of Cold Facts (Volume 25, Number 2): Thanks to a joint project by the US Navy and a number of industry partners, high temperature superconducting (HTS) technology is now at the heart of an advanced degaussing system aboard the USS Higgins at the naval station...

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

From http://www.superconductors.org: An area where superconductors can perform a life-saving function is in the field of biomagnetism. Doctors need a non-invasive means of determining what’s going on inside the human body. By impinging a strong superconductor-derived magnetic field into the body, hydrogen atoms that exist in the body’s water and...

Latest in Ask the Experts

An Issue of Pressure and Flow Rate in a Supply Tank

Please help solve this problem: A supply tank requires a vaporizer to generate sufficient pressure to pump stored fluid up into a vehicle or tank. The available head is limited as the tank level falls and it is important to minimize the system pressure drop to maintain the desired flow...

Using MLI on VJ Line Joints or Cryo Storage Tanks

When installing Multi Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets on VJ line joints or cryo storage tanks should they be wrapped and tied down tight or loose? These are usually pre-cut to size. Also should they have an access hole at the point of where the molecular sieve is installed to help...

Separated layers of ice over a pipe

I want to know that why there are different layers of ice over a pipe carrying a cryogenic fluid, each layer separated with clear marks / lines? What do these layers signify?

Using nitrogen as a cryogen

Is it possible to achieve -200˚C using nitrogen as a cryogen?

CATEGORIES